If a child’s gut problems seem stubborn and irresolvable, the role of the brain should be considered.
In the early years of life, the brain consists of two types of tissues: gray matter and white matter. Gray matter houses the neurons and reaches its peak by around ages 6–8.
White matter, which serves as the pathway for these neurons, continues to develop until ages 18–21.
During these critical periods, the brain establishes vital connections, shaping the ability of a child to learn, process information, and interact with the world around them.
Developmental disorders such as ADHD and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can disrupt normal functioning in areas of the brain involved in activating the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve plays a crucial role in digestion, blood flow to the gut, enzyme release, and smooth muscle contraction for intestinal motility.
In children with brain developmental disorders, these areas may not function optimally.
This disruption can lead to various gut issues in children, such as bloating, distention, food intolerances, and leaky gut. Efforts to address these issues through dietary changes or gut-focused interventions may fall short as the underlying brain component remains a significant factor.
Developmental disorders in children can also result from subtle neurological autoimmunity and traumatic brain injury.
Regardless of the cause, when the areas of the brain involved in vagal activation are affected, it can profoundly impact gut function.
Understanding this connection is crucial in providing comprehensive care for children with developmental disorders.
By addressing both the brain and gut aspects of their health, it’s possible to develop targeted interventions to improve brain activation and vagal function, ultimately alleviating gastrointestinal issues.